Dynamics of hydrated iron(II) cations in nafion polymer membranes

Mössbauer studies of Fe²⁺ in water-soaked nafion polymer membranes in the temperature range between 90 K and 250 K have been performed. Above a critical temperature (～ 180 K) the spectra exhibit both elastic narrow absorption lines and quasielastic broad lines. These spectra are typical of bounded diffusion phenomena observed by Mössbauer spectroscopy in macromolecular systems like haemoglobin, myoglobin and ferritin. Similar spectral shapes have been observed by quasielastic neutron scattering from water in nafion membranes. Within 50 K above the critical temperature the total Mössbauer absorption area decreases by an order of magnitude whereas the narrow absorption line decreases by two orders of magnitude. The results are interpreted in terms of bounded diffusive motion of the iron. Using a model based on overdamped harmonically bound Brownian motion, the essential parameters of the iron motion can be derived as a function of temperature. The iron motion most probably reflects the motion of a large Fe²⁺ complex, e.g. Fe(H₂O)²⁺₆, which is attached to the polymer side chains via the sulphonic group.     

利用不稳定产能评价检验试井解释参数合理性

针对复杂非均质储层，现代试井分析典型曲线图版拟合解释参数存在一定多解性，提出利用不稳定产能评价来检验试井解释参数。利用解释参数进行不稳定产能计算，将计算结果和油，井实际产量对比，根据误差情况来判断试井分析储层参数的合理性。实际应用说明，该方法是判断储层动态参数分析准确性的一种有效辅助手段，对于正确评价储层状况具有实际意义。     

Adaptive flexibility and maladaptive routines in selecting fast and frugal decision strategies.

Decision routines unburden the cognitive capacity of the decision maker. In changing environments, however, routines may become maladaptive. In 2 experiments with a hypothetical stock market game (n = 241), the authors tested whether decision routines tend to persist at the level of decision strategies rather than at the level of options in strategy selection. The payoff structure of the task was changed after 80 decision trials, rendering a new strategy optimal with respect to expected payoff. Whereas most participants detected the appropriate strategy at the beginning of the task, they tended to retain it even when it was no longer optimal. A hint about a possible change had only a small influence on this maladaptive routine; a monetary incentive had none. Switching to a similar but not identical task relaxed the routine, but not much. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

论专家法律意见书

文章通过对专家法律意见书与古今中外相关概念的比较，指出专家法律意见书既不是实然上的证据形式，也不能作为应然上的证据，并从法理和社会意义的角度论证为当事人出具的专家法律意见书不具备存在的合理性。     

一类生物系统的持久性

在生态学中，常常需要研究一个生态系统随时间增加时．它的种群是否持续。本文利用Lyapunov稳定性理论，讨论了一个四维的具有捕食性质的Lotka-Volterra系统(2)的持久性问题，给出了系统(2)解的一致有界性、正平衡点全局渐近稳定和系统(2)持久的充分必要条件。     

甬杭地区天然气管道的设计优化

根据甬杭地区天然气用户的情况和需求,确定了合理的天然气长输管道线路走向和输气站场、压气站的设置,并根据具体情况,有针对性地进行了有关管道通过城镇地段的处理、天然气的计量交接和调峰的设计优化,可以有效地降低管道建设的建设投资,减少生产运行的能量消耗,最大限度地提高管道建设及运行的综合经济效益。     

Simultaneous ℋ︁2/ℋ︁∞ control of uncertain jump systems with functional time‐delays

This paper presents new results pertaining to the control design of a class of linear uncertain systems with Markovian jump parameters. An integral part of the system dynamics is a delayed state in which the time‐delays are mode dependent. The jumping parameters are modelled as a continuous‐time, discrete‐state Markov process and the uncertainties are norm‐bounded. We construct an appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and design a simultaneous ℋ︁₂/ℋ︁_∞ controller which minimizes a quadratic ℋ︁₂ performance measure while satisfying a prescribed ℋ︁_∞‐norm bound on the closed‐loop system. It is established that sufficient conditions for the existence of the simultaneous ℋ︁₂/ℋ︁_∞ controller and the associated performance upper bound are cast in the form of linear matrix inequalities. Simulation results are provided and extension to the case where the jumping rates are subject to uncertainties is presented. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A State‐Space Based New Approach To The Directional Interpolation Problem

Directional interpolation plays an important role in robust control, system realization and model reduction. Several solutions to various directional interpolation problems have been proposed. In this paper, we consider the directional interpolation problem in a general setting and present a statespace based new approach to solving the problem. The solution is simple, and its exposition is as self‐contained as possible. We describe all the (strictly) bounded real rational matrix functions that satisfy the directional interpolation requirements by means of linear fractional transformation. Moreover, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the interpolating function to be unique and show that the unique interpolating function is an inner (a co‐inner). The main procedures used to generate the interpolating function consist of standard matrix operations consisting of easy numerical computations, so the present solution is significant from the numerical viewpoint as well as the analytical viewpoint.     

Asset Price Anomalies under Bounded Rationality

We analyze the classical asset pricing model assuming non fully rationalagents.Agents forecast future prices cum dividend through an adaptive learning rule.This assumption provides an explanation of some anomalies encounteredin the empirical analysis of asset prices under full rationality:returns are serially correlated(positively over a short horizon and negatively over a longer horizon)and the dividend yield predicts future returns (positive correlation).Considering the continuous time limit process,the same regularities are established analytically for price increments.     

HEC-2模型在古洪水研究中的应用

介绍HEC-2模型米面曲线推流法的原理、步骤以及在古洪水流量推求中的应用。用水文站水位-流量关系曲线推求的流量进行率定。用加入古洪水后的数据进行频率计算的结果加以论证，说明该种方法的合理性和实用性。